I don't think Dillon will be eliminated in this round. Also, this round has seen the end of some stronger teams the past two years. In 2014, the Round of 12 saw the elimination of Dale Earnhardt, Jr., who led the points for a good bit of the regular season and had 3 wins at that point of the year. In 2015, the Round of 12 saw the elimination of Earnhardt after once again having a strong season and also Matt Kenseth, who at that point had won 5 races and was one of the favorites for the title.
In 2014, winless Newman and Kenseth skated through the Round of 12 and so did Carl Edwards on a dying Roush team. In 2015, Jeff Gordon (who wasn't having a season any stronger than Austin Dillon's right now) got through the Round of 12 despite going into that round as the weakest link (exempting maybe Ryan Newman).
Considering all of this and Dillon's knack for staying away from trouble AND the fact that he actually ran strongly at the tracks in this round (in the spring he finished 12th at Charlotte, 6th at Kansas and 3rd at Talladega), I think he gets through this round with ease actually.
As for this round of the Chase, I think Johnson wins Charlotte, Chase Elliott wins Kansas, and Austin Dillon wins Talladega. The eliminations will be:
Kurt Busch- Hasn't shown much speed or consistency lately
Carl Edwards- Ditto.
Martin Truex, Jr.- Will choke at Charlotte and Kansas, and will wreck at Talladega.
Matt Kenseth- Will not run strong enough at Charlotte and Kansas to make up for him also wrecking at Talladega.
So going into the Round of 8:
Brad Keselowski
Austin Dillon
Kevin Harvick
Denny Hamlin
Kyle Busch
Joey Logano
Chase Elliott
Jimmie Johnson